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Khilafat Movement Introduction The Khilafat movement was an agitation by Indian Muslims, allied with Indian nationalists, to pressure the British government to preserve the authority of the Ottoman Sultan as Caliph of Islam after World War I. While seemingly pan-Islamic, the movement was primarily a means of achieving pan-Indian Muslim political mobilization. The Khilafat movement (1919–22) was a pan-Islamic, political protest campaign launched by Muslims of India to influence the British government not to abolish the Ottoman Caliphate . The movement collapsed by late 1922 when Turkey gained a more favorable diplomatic position and moved toward secularism. By 1924 Turkey simply abolished the roles of Sultan and Caliph. After World War I, the Ottoman Empire faced dismemberment. Under the leadership of the Ali Brothers , Maulana Muhammad Ali and Maulana Shaukat Ali , the Muslims of South Asia launched the historic Khilafat Movement to try and save it. Mohand

Conditional sentences OR If sentences Introduction There are 4 main types of if sentences in English, often called conditional sentences. These sentences are in two halves (clauses): 1.The if part (If clause, condition) 2.The other part where you can use words such as can/will/may/might/ could and would.(main clause,result or consequence) Formulation Conditional 0 (Zero) : If + present simple + present simple. Conditional I (First conditional) : if + present simple + future simple. Conditional II (Second conditional) : If + past simple + Would do. Conditional III (Third Conditional) : If + past perfect + would have done. Note The " If " clause can be either the first or the second part of the sentence, you can switch them Conditional Zero (0) Formulation : if + present simple + present simple. Concept : A fact, something that is always true. The zero conditional is used to make statements about the real

                                                        Executive Summary China’s Belt and Road Initiative (also known as One Belt, One Road (OBOR)) is one of President Xi’s most ambitious foreign and economic policies. It aims to strengthen Beijing’s economic leadership through a vast program of infrastructure building through out China’s neighboring regions. Many foreign policy analysts view this initiative largely through a geopolitical lens, seeing it as Beijing’s attempt to gain political leverage over its neighbors. There is no doubt that is part of Beijing’s strategic calculation. However, this Analysis argues that some of the key drivers behind OBOR are largely motivated by China’s pressing economic concerns.             One of the overriding objectives of OBOR is to address China’s deepening  regional disparity as the country’s economy modernizes. Beijing hopes its transnational infrastructure building program will spur growth in China’