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Khilafat Movement

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Khilafat Movement Introduction The Khilafat movement was an agitation by Indian Muslims, allied with Indian nationalists, to pressure the British government to preserve the authority of the Ottoman Sultan as Caliph of Islam after World War I. While seemingly pan-Islamic, the movement was primarily a means of achieving pan-Indian Muslim political mobilization. The Khilafat movement (1919–22) was a pan-Islamic, political protest campaign launched by Muslims of India to influence the British government not to abolish the Ottoman Caliphate . The movement collapsed by late 1922 when Turkey gained a more favorable diplomatic position and moved toward secularism. By 1924 Turkey simply abolished the roles of Sultan and Caliph. After World War I, the Ottoman Empire faced dismemberment. Under the leadership of the Ali Brothers , Maulana Muhammad Ali and Maulana Shaukat Ali , the Muslims of South Asia launched the historic Khilafat Movement to try and save it. Mohand
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OBOR (BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE)

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                                                        Executive Summary China’s Belt and Road Initiative (also known as One Belt, One Road (OBOR)) is one of President Xi’s most ambitious foreign and economic policies. It aims to strengthen Beijing’s economic leadership through a vast program of infrastructure building through out China’s neighboring regions. Many foreign policy analysts view this initiative largely through a geopolitical lens, seeing it as Beijing’s attempt to gain political leverage over its neighbors. There is no doubt that is part of Beijing’s strategic calculation. However, this Analysis argues that some of the key drivers behind OBOR are largely motivated by China’s pressing economic concerns.             One of the overriding objectives of OBOR is to address China’s deepening  regional disparity as the country’s economy modernizes. Beijing hopes its transnational infrastructure building program will spur growth in China’
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CHINA PAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR (CPEC)

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                                     CPEC China_Pakistan Economic Corridor.  Length  2,442km (1, 517 mi) • The China–Pakistan Economic Corridor is an economic corridor comprising a collection of projects currently under construction at a cost of $51 billion.CPEC aims to facilitate trade along an overland route that connects kashgar and Gwadar, through the construction of a network of highways, railways, and pipelines. • The corridor is intended to rapidly expand and upgrade Pakistani infrastructure, as well as deepen and broaden economic links between Pakistan and the People's Republic of China.It is considered to be an extension of China's ambitious One Belt, One Road initiative,and the importance of CPEC to China is reflected by its inclusion as part of China's 13th five-year development plan. • Pakistani officials predict that the project will result in the creation of upwards of 700,000 direct jobs between 2015–2030, and add 2 to 2.5 p
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